[Nagoyankee]

Nyororin is absolutely correct on this. I'm afraid your teacher is wrong.

金曜日　＝　Friday

金星 = Venus

Gettng paid on Fridays is an extremely rare practice in Japan. Most people get paid once a month, and it doesn't matter if you work full-time or part-time.

The kanji 金 does mean 'gold' when used all by itself. But that has nothing to do with the word 'Friday'.