[CaptainThunder]

Originally Posted by berrypie

I just finished my school work today so I have more time to analyze this now. Here I go!

寒いから行きたくない。
このすきやきは美味しいからもっとたべたい

えっ？Seems like から always comes after an adjective... can it be attached to a noun or even verb?

ひとつしか選べないなら、あの青いのを選びます。
What does the ない mean in here?

一人で行きたいと言うなら、行かせません。
行かせる -> causative verb here. If it's 一人で行きたいと言うなら、行かせます, it means "If you said you will go alone, I will make/let you go".

I have a hard time understanding causative verbs (せる). My friend told me that if the action is not voluntary, then you should use that.
For example:
私は彼に本を取らせる。I make him getting a book.
He has no intention get the book himself, but I make him to.

Here comes my question... for causative verbs (せる), do I "make" people do things?

Okay, let me go back to なら, as なら is hypothetical condition, isn't it similar to Verb+ ば？(仮定形)

1.) It certainly could be:

学校に行ったから、ならえた。Because I went to school, I was able to learn.

2.) It's the negative potential form, "can't choose".

3.) Basically. Here's a page on it.

4.) Yes, it's very similar. There are actually four ways to say "if" in Japanese, here's another page from the same site explaining it.