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Originally Posted by pacerier
ok i'll write からだ as 身体 too
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Good. Even though it's true that so many Japanese use 体 just because it's easier to write, better writers seldom use it as it CAN have the nuance of "flesh".
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oh it doesn't, i was attempting to form a sentence. From TaeKim's guide he had this sentence: 先生だと、きっと年上なんじゃないですか. I was wondering if this is a natural way to speak, if the sentence ends with a question should we use と, or would 「たら」 be more appropriate?
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That use of と is ”acceptable” in the sense that it is actually used by some native speakers. If you asked me, however, if it was the best way to say it, I'd answer
negatively with confidence. The better speakers would use なら or でしたら, and more casually だったら. TaeKim is a good website, but Kim isn't a native speaker as s/he admits somewhere on the site.
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is there an exception to the rule "B happens as a natural result of A" if B is いけない/だめ/ならない? e.g. can i use これを食べないとだめだ to mean "you must eat"
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これを食べないとだめだ is very natural as a casual phrase. That's something we would say at a restaurant where we try to persuade a foreign tourist to try raw chicken, not in a serious way but sort of jokingly. "Be cool and just try one little piece, man!
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as for いけない/だめ/ならない, is it the case that ならない is generally more for things that apply to more than one person like rules and policies. If it is, will it be true to say that いけない sounds stronger (and fiercer) than ならない. For example, will (1) sound stronger (more authoritative) than (2):
(1) 夜、遅くまで電話してはいけない
(2) 夜、遅くまで電話してはならない
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No, it has nothing to do with rules, and いけない doesn't at all sound fiercer than ならない. It's just that ならない sounds maturer than いけない. Small kids use いけない heavily, meaning that if you use it often, you will look also like a kid.