Furthermore, I started throwing together brief notes about こと and の (forgive the romaji, but Word starts using constant ugly fonts if you do too much Japanese for some reason)
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Originally Posted by KyleGoetz's awesome notes
Nominalization in Japanese
There are myriad nominalizing particles in Japanese
1. の
2. こと—thing, affair, matter, incident, fact
3. もの
4. ところ
5. よう
6. もよう
7. わけ
Prefatory notes
1. cleft sentence—
2. equational sentence—
3. complement clause—
の vs こと
1. cleft/equational sentences—S koto/no wa . . . S2 koto da [cannot use no]
2. complement clause
3. use no or koto
4. predicate is perception (miru,mieru,kiku, kanjiru), use no
5. verb is kiku in hearsay sense, use koto
6. generally, no is more concrete and koto is more abstract
7. はなこがピアノを引くのを聞いた。I heard Hanako play the piano.
8. はなこがピアノを引くことを聞いた。I heard Hanako plays the piano.
Special set phrases regarding koto
1. idiomatic expressions (~koto desu for advice)—kenkō ni naritakattara undou suru koto da—if you want to be healthy, you should exercise
2. ~koto ga dekiru
3. [past] koto ga aru (I have ~)
4. [nonpast] koto ga aru (possibility)
5. [nonpast] koto wa nai (no need)
6. ~ koto (impersonal orders)—koko de tabako wo suwanai koto—don’t smoke here
7. ~ to no koto da (hearsay)—kare wa kyou koko e konai to no koto desu—I heard he would not come today
8. ~koto [ni] wa (emphasis)—odoroita koto ni wa minna sono koto wo sitteita—to our surprise, everyone knew it
9. ~koto, donna ni/nante ~ koto ka (strong emotion)—wazuka 16sai de Wimbledon de yuushou suru nante, nante subarasii koto—still of the age of 16, she won a championship at wimbledon. How marvelous! // ま〜、かわいいあかちゃんだこと！My, what a cute baby!
Special phrases regarding no
1. emphasis—sakki kita no wa kare no otouto da—it was his brother who came recently
2. object clause of perception verb such as kiku, miru, kanjiru, etc.—tori ga naiteiru no ga kikoeru—I can hear the birds singing
3. object of verb such as to help, wait
4. purpose of use—kono kaban wa gaikoku ryokou ni iku no ni benri da—this backpack is convenient for foreign travel
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