[KyleGoetz]

You're confusing two different grammar points. One of them, you attach ようにする to an entire verb. The other, you do the volitional form (よう form, I guess you could call it) and then attach とする. Look at the difference in the verb in these two examples with an ichidan verb:

食べるようにする in order to eat
食べようとする try to eat

Now, it's mega-important to realize the difference in form because if you use a godan verb like 飲む:

飲むようにする in order to drink
飲もうとする try to drink here, there is no よう at all because the volitional form of a godan verb does not have よう

Look at your examples and their English translations to see they aren't "try" sentences. 行くよう、使うよう, they are "in order to [be able to]" sentences. 行こう and 使おう would be "try" sentence forms. Volitional form, and no よう, since neither is an ichidan verb.

I will try to eat sushi
すしを食べようとする

In order to eat sushi, I use chopsticks.
すしを食べるようにはしを使う