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KyleGoetz (Offline)
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A Lesson on Non-limitations for 中・上級 Learners - 03-09-2011, 04:34 PM

Same book, same translator.

Note: RTSSG means a clause that modifies a noun-phrase. We often call these "adjective clauses" in English. 連体修飾型 = れんたいしゅうしょくがた I am abbreviating as "RTSSG" for abbreviation. I was too lazy to look up what we call this in English until now, so I may have casually used the abbreviation "RTSSG" previously without explaining it.

When I compile all these threads with a master "linking" thread at a later date, I'll add an explanation for what "RTSSG" means like I've done above.

Now, on with the show!

非限定 Non-limitation

2級
〜ばかりでなく
〜ばかりか
〜に限らず
〜のみならず
1級
〜ただ〜だけでなく・〜だだ〜のみならず・〜ひとり〜 だけでなく・〜ひとり〜のみならず
〜にとどまらず

===〜ばかりでなく===
Used when you want to say "It's not just ~, but the scope is bigger and stretches out further."

Usage: Noun/RTSSG +ばかりでなく

Examples:
わたしたちは日本語ばかりでなく、英語や数学の授業も 受けています。
We're not just taking Japanese classes, but also English, math, etc.

「今日は頭が痛いばかりでなく、吐き気もするし、少々 熱もあるんです。」
"I don't just have a headache, but I am nauseous and have a little fever."

===〜ばかりか===
Means "Not just ~, but increased above to a higher degree of seriousness/heaviness/greatness"

Usage: same as 〜ばかりでなく

Examples:
いくら薬を飲んでも、かぜが治らないばかりか、もっと 悪くなってきました。
No matter how many pills I took, my cold did not get better, but got became worse.

この頃彼は遅刻が多いばかりか、授業中にいねむりする ことさえあります。
Recently, he not only has often been late, but sleeps in class too.

===〜に限らず===
When you want to say something is applied not only to ~, but to a group that is larger.

Usage: Noun+に限らず

Examples:
日曜日に限らず、休みの日はいつでも、家族と運動をし に出かけます。
Holidays/special days are not just limited to Sundays, but any day I go get exercise with my family.


男性に限らず、女性も、新しい職業分野の可能性を広げ ようとしている。
Not just for boys but also girls, the range of possible jobs has widened.

===〜のみならず===
FOR BUSINESS SITUATIONS AND FORMAL WRITING.
Used when you want to say "It's not just ~, but the scope is bigger and stretches out further."

Usage: Noun/RTSSG+のみならず

Examples:
私立大学のみならず国立大学でも学費の値上げは避けら れないようだ。
It seems that not only at private universities, but at public [national] universities the rise in education costs cannot be avoided.

この不景気では、中小企業のみならず大企業でも経費を 削る必要がある。
In this recession, it is necessary, not only at small and mid-sized companies, but at large companies, to scale back budgets.

===ただ〜だけでなく・ただ〜のみならず・ひとり〜だけ でなく・ひとり〜のみならず
Used when you want to say "It's not just ~, but teh scope is bigger and stretches out further."
FOR FORMAL WRITING
For everyday conversation, opt for 〜だけでなく or 〜ばかりでなく or に限らず as discussed above instead.

Examples:
ただ東京都民だけでなく、全国民が今度の知事選に関心 をもっている。
Not only Tokyo residents, but citizens of the whole country are paying attention to the gubernatorial election.

今回の水不足はひとりA県だけでなく、我が国全体の問 題である。
The current water shortage is not just a problem for Prefecture A, but for the entire country.

===〜にとどまらず===
USED IN BUSINESS SITUATIONS AND FORMAL WRITING.
Used when saying something is not limited to a narrow scope, but stretches to a broader scope.

Usage: Noun/adjective (use である form with nouns and na-adjectives)+にとどまらず
Use in the structure [some topic]は、〜にとどまらず、〜だ。

Examples:
彼のテニスは単なる趣味にとどまらず、今やプロ級の腕 前です。
His tennis is not merely a hobby, but currently an aim to be pro-level.

田中教授の話は専門の話題だけにとどまらず、いろいろ な分野にわたるので、いつもとても刺激的だ。
Prof. Tanaka's lectures/speeches are not limited to the topic of his specialty, but are varying and wide-ranging, so they are always very stimulating.
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