Quote:
Originally Posted by Maxful
Hi, I need help regarding the particles for the following phrases. For 1 and 2, I do not understand why で was used instead of に? For 3, 4 and 5, why were 3 different particles being used for "laugh at"? As for 6 and 7, the particles that were used were を, whereas 8 and 9 used で. I am confused.
1. かすかな声で笑う
laugh in a dim voice
2. きざな態度で笑う
laugh in a snobbish manner
3. 自分のジョークに笑う
laugh at one's own joke
4. 自分の惨めさを笑う
laugh at one's own misery
5. 面白くないことで笑う
laugh at something that isn't funny
6. 氷の上を滑る
slide on the ice
7. テーブルの上を滑る
slide on the table
8. 床の上で滑る
slide on the floor
9. 階段で滑る
slip on the stairs
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I see you get the same confusions over and over regarding particles. You absolutely need to stop thinking about English when learning this stuff.
Some languages treat things as different parts of speech. For example, the たい form of a verb behaves very much like an adjective in Japanese, but obviously "want to" never is anything close to an adjective in English.
In your first example, e.g., you laugh, and the
instrument by which you laugh is a かすかな声. で is the instrumental particle. に marks the dative case grammatically (i.e., indirect object).
As for the later sentences, I don't have a good answer right now, and I'm getting offline to watch a movie (Scream 2!) with my wife now.
