verb ending "ware"

[lucagalbu]

Hi there!
In the first movie of the lord of the rings it is said:

かつてあったものの多くは
失われ
それを憶えている者は

The meaning should be: "Much that once was, is lost, for almost none now live who remember it"
However, I have a problem with 失われ: this should mean "lost", but what does "ware" ending mean?

[chryuop]

Quello dovrebbe essere il passivo. Il verbo e' USHINA-U e la sua base negativa dato che finisce in U diventa USHINA-WA. Il passivo per i godan e' RERU, da qui' il passivo USHINAWARERU. Fi qui ci arrivo, per il resto vado per deduzione e credo il fatto che il RE finale sia stato tolto era per aggettivarlo/sostantivarlo.

Ma credi di piu' agli altri che sono molto piu' esperti di me.

[PouncingAnt]

Can you please post in English, so that the rest of us know what you are saying? Regardless of whether the author of a post doesn't speak English as a first language, the question was posted in English, on an English forum dealing in Japanese. If you need further reminder of this, the board announcements are all made in English.

By replying in (what I assume is) Italian, you are only helping people who speak Italian, and any English speakers coming across this problem will likely still have the problem (though I can guess at the answer based on the Japanese you wrote ).

That aside, hats off for being multilingual. I'm struggling with just 2 languages

[Nagoyankee]

Active Voice: Someone + が（は） +　something + を + 失う.

Passive Voice: Something + が（は）　+ 失われる.
______________________________

to lose: 失う　＞　失われる

to make: 作る　＞　作られる

to laugh: 笑う　＞　笑われる

to place (put): 置く　＞　置かれる

[lucagalbu]

Originally Posted by Nagoyankee

Active Voice: Someone + が（は） +　something + を + 失う.

Passive Voice: Something + が（は）　+ 失われる.

But in the sentence there is 失われ and not 失われる...

[chryuop]

Originally Posted by PouncingAnt

Can you please post in English, so that the rest of us know what you are saying? Regardless of whether the author of a post doesn't speak English as a first language, the question was posted in English, on an English forum dealing in Japanese. If you need further reminder of this, the board announcements are all made in English.

By replying in (what I assume is) Italian, you are only helping people who speak Italian, and any English speakers coming across this problem will likely still have the problem (though I can guess at the answer based on the Japanese you wrote ).

That aside, hats off for being multilingual. I'm struggling with just 2 languages

You are absolutely right and I apologize for that...it is just that being Italian my native language it comes easier to explain something with many technical grammar terminology in it. I will try to translate it, but as I say in the end, I am just guessing.

<<That should be the passive. The verb is USHINA-U and its negative base, since it ends in U, becomes USHINA-WA. Passive for godan is RERU, from here the passive USHINAWARERU. Up to here I can understand it, for the rest I try to deduce it and I think the reason why the RE was taken away was to make an adjective/noun out of it.
But believe more to other people, much more expert than I am.>>

[Nagoyankee]

Originally Posted by lucagalbu

But in the sentence there is 失われ and not 失われる...

What's the big deal? Don't you know the conjugations?

I thought I was going to be thanked.

[Debezo]

-u verb conjugate to 'wa' instead of 'a' for passive/negative form.
失う usinau - 失われる usinawa reru
間違う matigau - 間違われる matigawa reru
思う omou - 思われる omowa reru
And you can omit 'ru'(for makes Ren'youkei) to list sentences/words.
...失われる（た） そして それを憶えている者は... ->
...失われて それを憶えている者は... ->
...失われ それを憶えている者は...
this form sounds a little literary style than -て form.

[lucagalbu]

Originally Posted by Nagoyankee

What's the big deal? Don't you know the conjugations?

I don't know the passive form yet

Thanks to you all for the answers!

[PouncingAnt]

Originally Posted by Nagoyankee

What's the big deal? Don't you know the conjugations?

I thought I was going to be thanked.

Wasn't that a bit overly condescending? Just because people can understand 失われる when it is explained, doesn't mean they've ever come across 失われ or other similar words. Especially when self studying, people learn grammar in an order which may seem illogical to some. But I think it goes without saying that people learning a language should be treated with a large margin for error.

Retorting to a learner of Japanese with "dont you know...?" in such a condescending way is quite deplorable. Learners of Japanese should be assumed to have gaps in their knowledge, without being made to feel bad about those gaps.

chryuop, no problem, I think you should have more confidence in your English, you seemed to explain that pretty well