JapanForum.com - A Lesson on Non-limitations for 中・上級 Learners

Same book, same translator.

Note: RTSSG means a clause that modifies a noun-phrase. We often call these "adjective clauses" in English. 連体修飾型 = れんたいしゅうしょくがた I am abbreviating as "RTSSG" for abbreviation. I was too lazy to look up what we call this in English until now, so I may have casually used the abbreviation "RTSSG" previously without explaining it.

When I compile all these threads with a master "linking" thread at a later date, I'll add an explanation for what "RTSSG" means like I've done above.

Now, on with the show!

非限定 Non-limitation

２級
〜ばかりでなく
〜ばかりか
〜に限らず
〜のみならず
１級
〜ただ〜だけでなく・〜だだ〜のみならず・〜ひとり〜だけでなく・〜ひとり〜のみならず
〜にとどまらず

===〜ばかりでなく===
Used when you want to say "It's not just ~, but the scope is bigger and stretches out further."

Usage: Noun/RTSSG　＋ばかりでなく

Examples:
わたしたちは日本語ばかりでなく、英語や数学の授業も受けています。
We're not just taking Japanese classes, but also English, math, etc.

「今日は頭が痛いばかりでなく、吐き気もするし、少々熱もあるんです。」
"I don't just have a headache, but I am nauseous and have a little fever."

===〜ばかりか===
Means "Not just ~, but increased above to a higher degree of seriousness/heaviness/greatness"

Usage: same as 〜ばかりでなく

Examples:
いくら薬を飲んでも、かぜが治らないばかりか、もっと悪くなってきました。
No matter how many pills I took, my cold did not get better, but got became worse.

この頃彼は遅刻が多いばかりか、授業中にいねむりすることさえあります。
Recently, he not only has often been late, but sleeps in class too.

===〜に限らず===
When you want to say something is applied not only to ~, but to a group that is larger.

Usage: Noun＋に限らず

Examples:
日曜日に限らず、休みの日はいつでも、家族と運動をしに出かけます。
Holidays/special days are not just limited to Sundays, but any day I go get exercise with my family.

男性に限らず、女性も、新しい職業分野の可能性を広げようとしている。
Not just for boys but also girls, the range of possible jobs has widened.

===〜のみならず===
FOR BUSINESS SITUATIONS AND FORMAL WRITING.
Used when you want to say "It's not just ~, but the scope is bigger and stretches out further."

Usage: Noun/RTSSG＋のみならず

Examples:
私立大学のみならず国立大学でも学費の値上げは避けられないようだ。
It seems that not only at private universities, but at public [national] universities the rise in education costs cannot be avoided.

この不景気では、中小企業のみならず大企業でも経費を削る必要がある。
In this recession, it is necessary, not only at small and mid-sized companies, but at large companies, to scale back budgets.

===ただ〜だけでなく・ただ〜のみならず・ひとり〜だけでなく・ひとり〜のみならず
Used when you want to say "It's not just ~, but teh scope is bigger and stretches out further."
FOR FORMAL WRITING
For everyday conversation, opt for 〜だけでなく or 〜ばかりでなく or に限らず as discussed above instead.

Examples:
ただ東京都民だけでなく、全国民が今度の知事選に関心をもっている。
Not only Tokyo residents, but citizens of the whole country are paying attention to the gubernatorial election.

今回の水不足はひとりＡ県だけでなく、我が国全体の問題である。
The current water shortage is not just a problem for Prefecture A, but for the entire country.

===〜にとどまらず===
USED IN BUSINESS SITUATIONS AND FORMAL WRITING.
Used when saying something is not limited to a narrow scope, but stretches to a broader scope.

Usage: Noun/adjective (use である form with nouns and na-adjectives)＋にとどまらず
Use in the structure [some topic]は、〜にとどまらず、〜だ。

Examples:
彼のテニスは単なる趣味にとどまらず、今やプロ級の腕前です。
His tennis is not merely a hobby, but currently an aim to be pro-level.

田中教授の話は専門の話題だけにとどまらず、いろいろな分野にわたるので、いつもとても刺激的だ。
Prof. Tanaka's lectures/speeches are not limited to the topic of his specialty, but are varying and wide-ranging, so they are always very stimulating.