は or が with ある/いる

[Maxful]

Originally Posted by masaegu

「ビールがない国は少ない。」

Does it mean "My country is small so there is no beer."?

If that is the case, can I also say "ビールがないので国は少ない。"?

[masaegu]

Originally Posted by Maxful

　
By the way, for number 3, can I also say "明日テストがない人は学校に来なくてもいい。"?

Yes, you can.

Also, what does "かからない" stand for for number 5?

Usually I use "かかる" like the following sentences

どのくらいかかりますか。
How long does it take?

この料理はいくらかかりますか。
How much does this cuisine cost?

It means "to not be played" in #5.

かける (transitive) = to play (songs on the stereo, radio. etc.)

かかる (intransitive) = to be played

These verbs have so many meanings.

[masaegu]

Originally Posted by Maxful

Does it mean "My country is small so there is no beer."?

If that is the case, can I also say "ビールがないので国は少ない。"?

No, it does not.

「ビールがない国は少ない。」 means something completely different.

Literally, "Countries with no beer are rare."
________

"ビールがないので国は少ない。" makes no sense. That means "Because there is no beer, countries are few."

[Maxful]

Thanks for the detailed explanation, masaegu.

[Maxful]

Originally Posted by masaegu

「ビールがないならコーラをください。」

Hi, is my translation correct for the above sentence?

"Please give me cola if there is no beer."

[masaegu]

Originally Posted by Maxful

Hi, is my translation correct for the above sentence?

"Please give me cola if there is no beer."

Correct but please do not forget that the point I am trying to make with these sentences is about the use of 「が」 in subordinate and relative clauses.

[Maxful]

Thanks, masaegu.